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What are the economic and geopolitical implications of ocean acidification, and how might they impact global stability and security?

Dagmar Wiper

Ocean acidification is a pressing issue that has profound economic and geopolitical implications. This trend, caused by the increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, has a significant impact on marine life. The result could translate into substantial consequences on global stability and security.

The economic consequences of ocean acidification are extensive. For example, this trend threatens the fishing industry, which is a significant source of livelihood for millions of people worldwide. Of particular concern are the mollusks, such as oysters, clams, and mussels. These creatures have shells that dissolve under acidic conditions, which makes them susceptible to predators and diseases. In addition to affecting the food industry, ocean acidification also endangers the tourism sector. Coral reefs, which provide tourist activities such as snorkeling and scuba diving, are at risk. If the reefs undergo bleaching, as they do under acidic conditions, they lose their vibrant colors, creating a less attractive experience for visitors.

On the geopolitical front, ocean acidification has serious implications. Climate change is a significant catalyst for economic migration and the displacement of people due to natural disasters. If acidification continues, it may force people to move away from areas that are heavily reliant on the sea and harbor communities. Moreover, the shift in aquaculture practices and the decline in fish species due to acidity can exacerbate conflict, food insecurity, and political instability.

It is also notable that there are knowledge gaps in our understanding of the complex systems that interact within the oceans. The issue is not solely the pH of the sea, but also the interactions between the various marine organisms and how they cope with ocean acidification as well. Scientists need more data to understand these interactions and relationships. There are also questions about the pace at which the ocean acidifies and how it will shape the world in the future.

It is essential to address these knowledge gaps, understand the effects, and find ways to mitigate human's worsening impact on the oceans. The United Nations has designated 2021-2030 as the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development, aiming to highlight the connection between the world's seas and humans' socio-economic development. By addressing these issues head-on and through a concerted global effort, the world community can mitigate the effects of ocean acidification before it becomes irreversible.