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Can emotional intelligence be taught and developed, or is it primarily innate?

Elnora Smullin

Without a doubt, emotional intelligence can be taught and developed. While it is true that certain predispositions or innate personality traits may play a role in determining one's emotional intelligence, research has shown that it is a skill that can be improved with training, practice and personal effort.

The concept of emotional intelligence was first introduced in the early 1990s by psychologists John Mayer and Peter Salovey, who defined it as the ability to perceive, understand and regulate one's own emotions as well as those of others. Emotional intelligence includes a variety of competencies such as self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, motivation, emotional expression and social skills.

One of the most successful approaches to teaching emotional intelligence is through social and emotional learning (SEL) programs, which are designed to help children and adults develop the skills they need to manage their emotions, maintain healthy relationships and make responsible decisions. SEL programs typically include activities such as role-playing, group discussions, mindfulness practices, and other forms of emotional and social skill-building exercises.

Research has consistently shown that SEL programs are effective in improving emotional intelligence. A 2011 meta-analysis of 213 studies found that SEL interventions were associated with significant improvements in emotional understanding, prosocial behavior, and academic performance. Another study published in the Journal of Applied Psychology in 2019 found that individuals who participated in a workplace-based SEL program showed significant gains in emotional regulation, perspective-taking, and stress management.

While some critics have argued that emotional intelligence is an innate personality trait that cannot be taught, the evidence suggests otherwise. In fact, many experts argue that emotional intelligence may be even more important than IQ in determining one's success in life. Studies have shown that individuals with high emotional intelligence are more likely to have satisfying careers, healthy relationships and overall well-being.

Moreover, emotional intelligence is a skill that is increasingly in demand in the workplace. Employers are looking for candidates who have strong social and emotional skills, such as the ability to communicate effectively, work collaboratively, and adapt to changing situations. By improving their emotional intelligence, individuals can become more attractive to employers and enhance their career prospects.

In conclusion, emotional intelligence is a skill that can be taught, developed, and improved with training and practice. While some individuals may have a natural talent for emotional intelligence, it is not a fixed trait and can be improved over time. Many people have benefited from the various SEL programs and interventions that exist to teach emotional intelligence. By investing in their emotional and social skills, individuals can achieve greater success, happiness, and fulfillment in life.